Outcome Comparison Between Percutaneous Vertebroplasty Versus Conservative Treatment in Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31282/joti.v7n2.133Keywords:
percutaneous vertebroplasty, conservative treatment, osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, meta-analysisAbstract
Introduction:
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are common in older adults and cause chronic back discomfort and kyphotic deformity. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is preferred over conservative treatment (CT) for pain relief and quality of life improvement. However, there are ongoing debates about PVP's effectiveness and safety, with some suggesting it should only be available to patients who have exhausted other non-invasive options.
Methods:
A systematic review was conducted following the principles outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). A thorough literature search was conducted to get a complete, peer-reviewed manuscript in English that compares the outcomes of vertebroplasty versus conservative therapy in osteoporotic compression fractures. We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library. This systematic study aims to compare the therapeutic efficacy of vertebroplasty versus conservative therapy.
Results:
The electronic investigation identified 236 entries from various databases, screening them for eligibility, assessing duplicates, and eliminating duplicates, resulting in 9 studies for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The heterogeneity across studies was examined throughout the I2 statistic described as follows: low, 25% to 50%; moderate 50% to 75%; or high>75%. There is no significant difference found in 1 week and 3 months of pain relief in these two groups in pain relief (mean difference 0.73 (-0.52, 1.96); 95% CI, P = 0,25); (mean difference -0.76 (-2.02, 0.49); 95% CI, =0.23). we found no statistically significant difference between those two groups favoring the PVP group in terms of quality-of-life outcome (mean difference -0.76 (-2.02, 0.49); 95% CI, P < 0.23); (mean difference 1.75 (-0.87, 4.38); 95% CI, P < 0.19). PVP has no association with new adjacent vertebral fractures. (M-H, Fixed, 95% CI
-0.07 (-0.17, 0.03); I2 = 0%, P = 0.16).
Conclusion:
Comparatively, percutaneous vertebroplasty was determined to be more effective in alleviating pain and enhancing quality of life, without posing an elevated risk of nearby vertebral fracture as compared to the CT group. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a more extensive investigation to determine which patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are most likely to experience a positive outcome following percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) with little risk of sequelae.
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